At the end of last semester, I vowed to myself to re-read (and re-read and re-read) St. Paul's epistle to the church in Rome, and try to learn it--not just the Apostle's words, though memorization is a happy byproduct--but what he meant.
Also last semester, I met John Henry Cardinal Newman, whose Idea of a University I have found (seriously) engrossing. Imagine my delight to find another book by Cardinal Newman: Lectures on Justification. I've read the first lecture ("Faith considered as the Instrumental Cause of Justification," in which Newman treats what he identifies as the Lutheran position on justification) and part of the twelfth lecture, "Faith viewed relatively to Rites and Works." The following is the first paragraph of the latter:
I NOW proceed to show that though we are justified, as St. Paul says, by faith, and, as our Articles and Homilies say, by faith only, nevertheless we are justified, as St. James says, by works; and to show in what sense this latter doctrine is true, and that, not only in the case of works of righteousness, but also of ritual services, such as Baptism, as St. Paul and St. Peter teach. Of course I do not forget St. Paul's declaration that "a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the Law," but he does not thereby assert that justification is independent of the deeds of the Gospel, as a few remarks will suffice to show.
I hope he keeps his word, and actually succeeds in "show[ing]" how we can wholly affirm, without strained interpretation, the letters of each apostle. My knowledge of Greek--the language in which both St. Paul and St. James wrote their epistles--is minimal, but I do know that each writer uses the same Greek words (or root words) for
faith (
pistis),
justify (
diakaioo), and
works (
ergon).
For those interested, the relevant verses from each apostle are (e.g.) Romans 3:20 and James 2:24. I'll post more on Newman as I continue reading.